{"id":877,"date":"2021-01-21T15:29:55","date_gmt":"2021-01-21T14:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/?p=877"},"modified":"2022-02-21T15:30:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-21T14:30:22","slug":"musime-se-radovat-jako-deti-aby-do-nasich-jeslicek-ulehl-vteleny-buh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/2021\/01\/21\/musime-se-radovat-jako-deti-aby-do-nasich-jeslicek-ulehl-vteleny-buh\/","title":{"rendered":"Mus\u00edme se radovat jako d\u011bti, aby do na\u0161ich jesli\u010dek ulehl vt\u011blen\u00fd B\u016fh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

B\u016fh stvo\u0159il sv\u011bt, aby si na\u0161el matku. Onen kr\u00e1sn\u00fd v\u00fdrok sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Kabasily n\u00e1s uv\u00e1d\u00ed do pravoslavn\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co je Kristova C\u00edrkev. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v osob\u011b v\u0161esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dky a v\u017edy Panny Marie, pln\u011b zbo\u017e\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 bytosti, si nach\u00e1z\u00ed C\u00edrkev svou nejdokonalej\u0161\u00ed personifikaci (zosobn\u011bn\u00ed), a to ihned na mnoha \u00farovn\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velik\u00fd rusk\u00fd n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd filosof a pravoslavn\u00fd kn\u011bz Pavel Florenskij odkr\u00fdval tyto mystick\u00e9 vrstvy pozn\u00e1n\u00ed Boha skrze postupn\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se k Bo\u017e\u00ed Velemoudrosti (\u03a3\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1), je\u017e se vt\u011blila v osob\u011b Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e z Nazareta (\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd 1 Kor. 1, 24). Tuto tezi vyzdvihuje i  modlitba Simeona Metafrasta p\u0159ed sv. p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm. Ale On, Kristus, je Bo\u017e\u00ed Velemoudrost sama v sob\u011b. Ta se vt\u011bluje pro sp\u00e1su stvo\u0159en\u00ed, tud\u00ed\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 naj\u00edt jej\u00ed odraz ve stvo\u0159en\u00ed a nejdokonaleji se Bo\u017e\u00ed Syn se v\u0161emi sv\u00fdmi rysy odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v osob\u011b sv\u00e9 p\u0159e\u010dist\u00e9 Matky, kterou pravoslavn\u00e1 c\u00edrkevn\u00ed tradice ct\u00ed jako tu, kter\u00e1 je \u201enad cherub\u00edny ct\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nad seraf\u00edny bez p\u0159irovn\u00e1n\u00ed slavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c. A op\u011bt Bohorodi\u010dka, jak velmi v\u00fdrazn\u011b sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed kn\u011bz Sergij Bulgakov ve sv\u00e9m pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed Gr\u00e1l,  je zosobn\u011bn\u00edm tajemstv\u00ed Kristovy C\u00edrkve jako Sofia (Velemoudrost).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vra\u0165me se na chvilku k mysli otce Pavla Florensk\u00e9ho: pokud se bav\u00edme o Velemoudrosti sv\u011bta, hovo\u0159\u00edme o C\u00edrkvi; kdy\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edme o Velemoudrosti C\u00edrkve, bav\u00edme se o C\u00edrkvi svat\u00fdch; kdy\u017e mluv\u00edme o Velemoudrosti ve spole\u010denstv\u00ed svat\u00fdch, mluv\u00edme o p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dce. Ano, p\u0159esvat\u00e1 Bohorodi\u010dka, kter\u00e1 se stala doslova nositelkou vt\u011blen\u00e9ho Loga, jeho\u017e i porodila na sv\u011bt, aby sv\u011bt prom\u011bnil, posv\u011btil, obnovil a dal mu smysl (logiku), tedy aby mu dal sebe sama, proto\u017ee s\u00e1m je vt\u011blen\u00fdm Smyslem v\u0161ech smysl\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou stvo\u0159eny J\u00edm a dle Jeho obrazu (1 Kol. 1, 17). A pr\u00e1v\u011b Bohorodi\u010dka ve v\u0161ech smyslech byla prvn\u00ed diakonisou, tedy slu\u017eebnic\u00ed onoho d\u00edla sp\u00e1sy ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho stvo\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je povol\u00e1no vej\u00edt do T\u011bla nov\u00e9ho Adama, zmrtv\u00fdchvstal\u00e9ho Boho\u010dlov\u011bka Krista, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ctihodn\u00fd Justin Popovi\u010d: \u010dlov\u011bk, pota\u017emo stvo\u0159en\u00ed se m\u00e1 tzv. vkristovat\u011bt (\u0432\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vid\u00edme tak, \u017ee cel\u00e1 pravoslavn\u00e1 mentalita je pln\u011b kristocentrick\u00e1. Kristus je vt\u011blen\u00fd Logos, Boho\u010dlov\u011bk. Je B\u016fh, kter\u00fd se nejen p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil k \u010dlov\u011bku, ale kter\u00fd se s n\u00edm i ztoto\u017enil, proto\u017ee s\u00e1m se stal \u010dlov\u011bkem, ani\u017e by p\u0159itom p\u0159estal b\u00fdt Bohem. Je dokonal\u00fd B\u016fh a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dokonal\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, a pr\u00e1v\u011b proto klan\u011bn\u00ed se mu \u201ev duchu a pravd\u011b\u201c zahrnuje i \u00factu k Jeho Matce. P\u0159esvat\u00e1 Bohorodi\u010dka je integr\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Jeho lidstv\u00ed (\u010dlov\u011b\u010denstv\u00ed), v n\u011bm\u017e p\u0159eb\u00fdv\u00e1 plnost bo\u017estv\u00ed t\u011blesn\u011b (\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 Kol. 2, 9). A pr\u00e1v\u011b proto \u00factu k p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dce m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat u\u017e v obdob\u00ed ran\u00e9ho k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed. Krom\u011b permanentn\u00edho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a vzd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed chv\u00e1ly spolu s jej\u00edm boholidsk\u00fdm Synem se za\u010d\u00ednaly objevovat zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed dny, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly posv\u00e1tn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ipomenout zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti ze \u017eivota p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dky. Stejn\u011b tak lze mluvit i o posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, kter\u00e9 jsou spojeny se \u017eivotn\u00ed cestou Panny Marie. To v\u0161e nach\u00e1zelo sv\u016fj p\u016fvod a potvrzen\u00ed nejen v t\u011bch p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pam\u00e1tk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 pak byly C\u00edrkv\u00ed zahrnuty do kodexu P\u00edsma, ale i v t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 dnes ozna\u010dujeme jako apokryfy a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b tak\u00e9 v \u00fastn\u00ed tradici, je\u017e potom v\u0161ak na\u0161la sv\u00e9 ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed v bohoslu\u017eebn\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1du. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b o v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 kodifikaci t\u011bchto sv\u00e1tk\u016f lze mluvit a\u017e ve IV. st., kdy d\u00edky c\u00edsa\u0159i Konstantinu Velik\u00e9mu C\u00edrkev p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1na a uvol\u0148uje se tak prostor pro pln\u00e9 odkryt\u00ed (\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd), respektive neust\u00e1l\u00e9 a dynamick\u00e9 odkr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed kultu, jeho\u017e alfou a omegou je \u201eKristus, Boho\u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd se oslavuje ve sv\u00fdch sv\u011bdc\u00edch\u201c (Tropar \u010desk\u00fdm novomu\u010dedn\u00edk\u016fm) a hned po Kristu takov\u00fdm prvn\u00edm sv\u011bdkem trojjedin\u00e9ho Boha je Jeho p\u0159e\u010dist\u00e1 Matka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sv\u00e1tky zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dce stejn\u011b jako v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky pravoslavn\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e m\u016f\u017eeme d\u011blit z hlediska jist\u00e9 hierarchie. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b st\u0159edobodem v\u0161ech sv\u00e1tk\u016f je Pascha, tedy sv\u011btl\u00e9 Kristovo Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. V\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky z n\u00ed vych\u00e1zej\u00ed a o n\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed. Jak\u00fdkoliv sv\u00e1tek, a\u0165 u\u017e Kristovo narozen\u00ed nebo Prom\u011bn\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b na ho\u0159e T\u00e1bor, u\u017e je k\u00e9rygma, hl\u00e1s\u00e1n\u00ed spasiteln\u00e9 smrti a vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Boho\u010dlov\u011bka. Ale i tyto sv\u00e1tky se seskupuj\u00ed do jak\u00fdchsi kruh\u016f, obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed Paschu, nebo jak se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b, Velikonoce. A pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00fdm prvn\u00edm a nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm okruhem je okruh sv\u00e1tk\u016f dvan\u00e1cter\u00fdch. Po Pas\u0161e jsou to sv\u00e1tky nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a maj\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed autoritu pro cel\u00fd pravoslavn\u00fd sv\u011bt. Zpravidla jsou to posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti ze \u017eivota Spasitelova \u010di p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dky, o nich\u017e se zmi\u0148uje Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon, i kdy\u017e ne v\u017edy je tomu tak. Nap\u0159\u00edklad sv\u00e1tek Uveden\u00ed p\u0159esvat\u00e9 Bohorodi\u010dky do chr\u00e1mu nen\u00ed v P\u00edsmu uveden a sv\u00e1tek Pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed svat\u00e9ho K\u0159\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 se uskute\u010dnila za vl\u00e1dy onoho c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina Velik\u00e9ho (IV. st.), kdy se jeho matce c\u00edsa\u0159ovn\u011b Helen\u011b poda\u0159ilo nal\u00e9zt sv. d\u0159evo K\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, na n\u011bm\u017e byl uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n Spasitel. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b mnoh\u00e9 sv\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 do tohoto okruhu nespadaj\u00ed, tak\u00e9 z\u00edskaly velkou oblibu mezi zbo\u017en\u00fdm lidem, a tak jejich oslavy \u010dasto maj\u00ed charakter velice slavnostn\u00ed, kter\u00fd se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, nen\u00ed-li toto\u017en\u00fd dvan\u00e1cter\u00fdm,  proto\u017ee, jak u\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, sv\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 C\u00edrkev slavila, byly ustanoveny ve sv\u011btle sl\u00e1vy Paschy. Z dvan\u00e1cter\u00fdch sv\u00e1tk\u016f nejmocn\u011bji n\u00e1m sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o Kristov\u011b vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed asi sv\u00e1tek Narozen\u00ed Krista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u017e\u00ed Syn se vt\u011bluje, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se na\u0161\u00edm Velekn\u011bzem a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 jm\u00e9no Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161, aby se ob\u011btoval na K\u0159\u00ed\u017ei a ulehl do hrobu. Vy\u00fast\u011bn\u00edm K\u0159\u00ed\u017ee je tak hrob, kter\u00fd u\u017e hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku je symbolizov\u00e1n jesli\u010dkami, a proto, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 metropolita Veniamin Fed\u010denkov: \u201eBetl\u00e9m je cesta na Golgotu.\u201c Narozen\u00ed vt\u011blen\u00e9ho Boha je po\u010d\u00e1tkem Jeho vykupitelsk\u00e9ho d\u00edla. Tato spasiteln\u00e1 noc je tak t\u00edm nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem pro d\u011btskou modlitebn\u00ed radost, abychom pronikli do tajemstv\u00ed Narozen\u00ed Boho\u010dlov\u011bka, kdy sv\u011btlo se soust\u0159ed\u00ed, B\u016fh se vt\u011bluje, Kristus se rod\u00ed. Rod\u00ed se a ul\u00e9h\u00e1 do jesl\u00ed, aby pak ulehl do hrobu a pronikl ho prom\u011bniv ve sv\u00e9 s\u00eddlo (sv\u016fj tr\u016fn), nosi\u010d \u017divota (\u0396\u03c9\u03b7\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2), pramen sv\u00e9ho i na\u0161eho vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, a tak vstal z mrtv\u00fdch a neust\u00e1le i n\u00e1s k\u0159\u00edsil spolu se sebou a v sob\u011b v podob\u011b eucharistick\u00e9ho Ber\u00e1nka, jen\u017e se v\u017edy j\u00ed, jeho\u017e nikdy neub\u00fdv\u00e1 a jen\u017e p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00edc\u00ed posv\u011bcuje (\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\/ Bo\u017esk\u00e1 liturgie sv. Jana Zlato\u00fast\u00e9ho).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Autor: jerej Mgr. et Mgr. Ji\u0159\u00ed T\u00e1borsk\u00fd, DiS<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u016fh stvo\u0159il sv\u011bt, aby si na\u0161el matku. Onen kr\u00e1sn\u00fd v\u00fdrok sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Kabasily n\u00e1s uv\u00e1d\u00ed do pravoslavn\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co je Kristova C\u00edrkev. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":879,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[45],"class_list":["post-877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svatky-a-svetci","tag-2021-01","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=877"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":880,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877\/revisions\/880"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=877"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=877"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=877"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}