{"id":3338,"date":"2025-05-24T12:53:41","date_gmt":"2025-05-24T11:53:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/?p=3338"},"modified":"2025-08-24T12:53:54","modified_gmt":"2025-08-24T11:53:54","slug":"zebrik-sv-apostola-petra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/2025\/05\/24\/zebrik-sv-apostola-petra\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017deb\u0159\u00edk sv. apo\u0161tola Petra"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Apo\u0161tolsk\u00fd p\u016fst je dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm postn\u00edm obdob\u00edm v\u00a0c\u00edrkevn\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159i. Od Velk\u00e9ho p\u016fstu se li\u0161\u00ed svou um\u00edrn\u011bnost\u00ed a kr\u00e1tkost\u00ed. V\u00edme v\u0161ak, \u017ee postn\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 pouze v\u00a0omezen\u00ed gastronomick\u00e9m. P\u016fst je cvi\u010den\u00edm p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro du\u0161i. Nejpodstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem toho, kdo se post\u00ed, je duchovn\u00ed r\u016fst. Abychom si v\u00a0tom napomohli, obra\u0165me se k\u00a0apo\u0161tolsk\u00fdm list\u016fm. Texty sv. apo\u0161tola Pavla jsou dob\u0159e zn\u00e1my a \u010dasto citov\u00e1ny. D\u00edlo dal\u0161\u00edho nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho apo\u0161tola Petra je m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1mo. Zkusme tento nedostatek napravit a za\u010dt\u011bme se do 2. epi\u0161toly Petrovy. V\u00a0prvn\u00ed kapitole jsou ver\u0161e 5\u20137, jim\u017e se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u017deb\u0159\u00edk Petr\u016fv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto tak\u00e9 vynalo\u017ete v\u0161ecku snahu na to, abyste ke sv\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ipojili ctnost, k ctnosti pozn\u00e1n\u00ed,\u00a0k pozn\u00e1n\u00ed zdr\u017eenlivost, ke zdr\u017eenlivosti trp\u011blivost, k trp\u011blivosti zbo\u017enost,\u00a0ke zbo\u017enosti bratrskou n\u00e1klonnost a k bratrsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klonnosti l\u00e1sku.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0t\u011bchto ver\u0161\u00edch apo\u0161tol popisuje stupn\u011b v\u00fdstupu ke k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 dokonalosti. Z\u00e1kladem tohoto \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku je v\u00edra, a pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00a0n\u00ed je spojen\u00e1 snaha dos\u00e1hnout ctnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prokazuj\u00ed v\u00edru a postupn\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed k\u00a0l\u00e1sce jako vrcholu duchovn\u00ed dokonalosti.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u2026abyste ke sv\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ipojili ctnost<\/strong>\u2026 Samotn\u00e1 v\u00edra bez odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho ctnostn\u00e9ho \u017eivota pro sp\u00e1su nesta\u010d\u00ed. V\u00edra se mus\u00ed projevovat v ka\u017ed\u00e9m lidsk\u00e9m \u010dinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sv. Beda Ctihodn\u00fd zd\u016fraz\u0148uje: \u201e[Apo\u0161tol] ctnost\u00ed nemysl\u00ed kon\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1zrak\u016f, ale dobr\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota, kter\u00fd je spojen s pravou v\u00edrou, aby v\u00edra bez skutk\u016f nebyla zbyte\u010dn\u00e1 a mrtv\u00e1, a k tomu p\u0159edepisuje vynakl\u00e1dat ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, nebo\u0165 ten, kdo p\u0159i sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci ot\u00e1l\u00ed, je bratrem zhoubce <\/em>(P\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed 18:9).\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 k ctnosti pozn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>\u2026 Bible kralick\u00e1 zde m\u00edsto pozn\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 slovo um\u011bn\u00ed<\/em>, v origin\u00e1lu v\u0161ak je \u0159eck\u00e9 slovo gnosis<\/em>. Svat\u00ed otcov\u00e9 vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed tento \u00faryvek jako varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nerozumnou horlivost\u00ed nebo jako schopnost rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho a zl\u00e9ho. Pozn\u00e1n\u00ed je br\u00e1no sp\u00ed\u0161e jako rozumnost, uv\u00e1\u017elivost, soudnost. Pouze s jasn\u00fdm pochopen\u00edm toho, co je dobro a co zlo, m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk z\u00edskat ctnosti. Aby se k\u0159es\u0165an vyhnul nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euj\u00ed kon\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdch skutk\u016f, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed rozv\u00e1\u017enosti, bez n\u00ed\u017e by sama ctnost byla \u010dinem slepce. Uv\u00e1\u017elivost neboli pozn\u00e1n\u00ed (gnosis) je rozumn\u00fd zp\u016fsob jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a my\u0161len\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00ed, co je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 nebo \u0161kodliv\u00e9, dobr\u00e9 \u010di \u0161patn\u00e9, co by m\u011bl d\u011blat a \u010demu by se m\u011bl vyhnout. Takov\u00e1 rozv\u00e1\u017enost chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nadbyte\u010dnou horlivost\u00ed a p\u0159ed oklam\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 k pozn\u00e1n\u00ed zdr\u017eenlivost<\/strong>\u2026 Je t\u0159eba se v\u0161ak vyh\u00fdbat shov\u00edvavosti v\u016f\u010di vlastn\u00edm slabostem pod r\u016fzn\u00fdmi z\u00e1minkami. Ten, kdo se vydal na cestu duchovn\u00edho zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na sebe p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd. Pozn\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduje zdr\u017eenlivost, krocen\u00ed smysln\u00fdch popud\u016f a mo\u017en\u00e1 i um\u00edrn\u011bnost v samotn\u00e9m pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. Apo\u0161tol Pavel v listu \u0158\u00edman\u016fm varuje: Sm\u00fd\u0161lejte o sob\u011b st\u0159\u00edzliv\u011b<\/em> (\u0158\u00edman\u016fm 12:3). Ale je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je trp\u011blivost, vytrvalost v ctnosti, ale t\u0159eba i v utrpen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 ke zdr\u017eenlivosti trp\u011blivost<\/strong>\u2026 Zdr\u017eenlivost vy\u017eaduje st\u00e1lost a trp\u011blivost. Je snadn\u00e9 se nechat n\u011b\u010d\u00edm un\u00e9st na kr\u00e1tkou dobu. Ale B\u016fh si p\u0159eje, abychom byli ukotven\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch dobr\u00fdch skutc\u00edch. Trp\u011blivost je st\u00e1lost ve zp\u016fsobu my\u0161len\u00ed, jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017eivota, opak lehkomyslnosti, netrp\u011blivosti, nest\u00e1losti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sv. Beda Ctihodn\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eZdr\u017eenlivost je v\u017edy doprov\u00e1zena trp\u011blivost\u00ed, nebo\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se nau\u010dil zdr\u017eovat se sv\u011btsk\u00fdch rozko\u0161\u00ed, pot\u0159ebuje duchovn\u00ed s\u00edlu, aby jim odolal, a br\u00e1nil se s v\u00fdzbroj\u00ed spravedlnosti napravo i nalevo<\/em> (2. Korintsk\u00fdm 6:7).\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 k trp\u011blivosti zbo\u017enost<\/strong>\u2026 P\u0159i duchovn\u00edch snah\u00e1ch se m\u016f\u017ee objevit lhostejnost nebo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsnost, ne\u00faprosnost a uzav\u0159enost. Mus\u00edme s t\u011bmito pocity bojovat. \u00da\u010delem duchovn\u00edho \u00fasil\u00ed nen\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed samotn\u00e9, ale n\u00e1prava srdce. Zbo\u017enost je duchovn\u00ed rozpolo\u017een\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk za st\u0159ed sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota pokl\u00e1d\u00e1 Boha, oslavuje ho ve sv\u00e9m srdci, sna\u017e\u00ed se plnit jeho v\u016fli a \u017e\u00edt v souladu s jeho p\u0159ik\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edmi. Zdr\u017eenlivost, trp\u011blivost, st\u00e1lost v boji proti h\u0159\u00edchu a v\u00e1\u0161n\u00edm napl\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161e srdce l\u00e1skou k Bohu a nad\u011bj\u00ed na Bo\u017e\u00ed pomoc. Na tomto stupni se zcela sv\u011b\u0159ujeme Bo\u017e\u00ed v\u016fli a b\u00fdv\u00e1me napln\u011bni duchem zbo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 ke zbo\u017enosti bratrskou n\u00e1klonnost<\/strong>\u2026 P\u0159\u00edznakem prav\u00e9 zbo\u017enosti je vl\u00eddn\u00fd a l\u00e1skypln\u00fd postoj k bli\u017en\u00edm. Mus\u00edme se nau\u010dit souc\u00edtit s lidmi a \u201en\u00e9st na sob\u011b b\u0159emena jedni druh\u00fdch\u201c. Zbo\u017enost se nesm\u00ed omezovat jen na \u010dlov\u011bka samotn\u00e9ho, ale mus\u00ed se projevovat v l\u00e1sce k bli\u017en\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zbo\u017enost o\u017eivuje a osv\u011bcuje my\u0161lenky, city a \u010diny k\u0159es\u0165ana, a v jeho srdci se z l\u00e1sky k Bohu rod\u00ed l\u00e1ska k bli\u017en\u00edm, nejd\u0159\u00edve samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ne ke v\u0161em, ale pouze k spoluv\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm, tomu apo\u0161tol Petr \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 bratrsk\u00e1 n\u00e1klonnost. K\u0159es\u0165an za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b milovat v P\u00e1nu v\u0161echny, kdo s n\u00edm vyzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed stejnou v\u00edru. Pro n\u011bj ji\u017e nen\u00ed ani otrok, ani svobodn\u00fd, nevid\u00ed rozd\u00edly v postaven\u00ed, pohlav\u00ed a v\u011bku, pro n\u011bj jsou v\u0161ichni k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 d\u011btmi jednoho nebesk\u00e9ho Otce, v\u0161ichni jsou vykoupeni drahocennou Krv\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00edho Syna, pok\u0159t\u011bni ve jm\u00e9nu Otce i Syna i Ducha Svat\u00e9ho, v\u0161ichni jsou povol\u00e1ni ke sp\u00e1se.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0159es\u0165an na tomto stupni duchovn\u00edho zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed tou\u017e\u00ed po sp\u00e1se cel\u00fdm sv\u00fdm srdcem a aktivn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke sp\u00e1se bli\u017en\u00edch \u2013 modlitbami, slovy soucitu, \u00fat\u011bchy, pou\u010den\u00edm i vlastn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Bratrsk\u00e1 l\u00e1ska posiluje zbo\u017enost a dod\u00e1v\u00e1 j\u00ed dokonalost: \u0158ekne-li n\u011bkdo: \u201eJ\u00e1 miluji Boha,\u201c a p\u0159itom nen\u00e1vid\u00ed sv\u00e9ho bratra, je lh\u00e1\u0159. Kdo nemiluje sv\u00e9ho bratra, kter\u00e9ho vid\u00ed, nem\u016f\u017ee milovat Boha, kter\u00e9ho nevid\u00ed<\/em> (1. Jan\u016fv 4:20).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 a k bratrsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klonnosti l\u00e1sku<\/strong>. L\u00e1ska plynouc\u00ed z\u00a0\u010dist\u00e9ho srdce je kone\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem duchovn\u00edho r\u016fstu. K\u0159es\u0165an vystupuje na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 mor\u00e1ln\u00ed dokonalosti. L\u00e1ska k Bohu posiluje l\u00e1sku jedince k spoluv\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed ji st\u00e1le d\u00e1le. Miluj\u00edc\u00ed srdce k\u0159es\u0165ana se rozp\u00edn\u00e1 \u2013 nyn\u00ed svou l\u00e1skou obj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u0161echny lidi bez ohledu na jejich postaven\u00ed nebo vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed, miluje i sv\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele. Takov\u00e1 l\u00e1ska je vrcholem dokonalosti, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm, posledn\u00edm stupn\u011bm na duchovn\u00edm \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku. Svat\u00fd Iz\u00e1k Syrsk\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eKdo miluje v\u0161echny stejn\u011b, milosrdn\u011b a bez rozd\u00edlu, dos\u00e1hl dokonalosti.\u201c A apo\u0161tol Pavel u\u010d\u00ed: P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak m\u011bjte l\u00e1sku, kter\u00e1 v\u0161echno spojuje k\u00a0dokonalosti<\/em> (Kolosk\u00fdm 3:14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sv\u016fj \u017eeb\u0159\u00edk apo\u0161tol Petr uzav\u00edr\u00e1 t\u011bmito slovy: M\u00e1te-li tyto vlastnosti a rozhoj\u0148uj\u00ed-li se ve v\u00e1s, nez\u016fstanete v pozn\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161eho P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista ne\u010dinn\u00ed a bez ovoce<\/em><\/strong> (ver\u0161 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Svat\u00ed otcov\u00e9, mezi nimi\u017e je i sv. Jan Zlato\u00fast\u00fd, zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je nejen p\u0159\u00edtomnost ctnost\u00ed, ale i jejich hojnost. A pozn\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161eho P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista nen\u00ed pozn\u00e1n\u00edm teoretick\u00fdm, ale praktick\u00fdm, zalo\u017een\u00fdm na osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e1le apo\u0161tol Petr varuje: Komu v\u0161ak sch\u00e1zej\u00ed, je slep\u00fd, kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fd a zapomn\u011bl na to, \u017ee byl o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn od sv\u00fdch star\u00fdch h\u0159\u00edch\u016f<\/em><\/strong> (ver\u0161 9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nevystupuj\u00ed k dokonalosti po \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch ctnost\u00ed, jsou slep\u00ed, nevid\u00ed sv\u011bt duchovn\u00ed a ztratili i to o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskali ve sv\u00e1tostech k\u0159tu a pok\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1v\u011br apo\u0161tol poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1: Proto se, brat\u0159\u00ed, t\u00edm v\u00edce sna\u017ete upev\u0148ovat sv\u00e9 povol\u00e1n\u00ed a vyvolen\u00ed. Budete-li to \u010dinit, nikdy neklop\u00fdtnete. Tak se v\u00e1m \u0161iroce otev\u0159e p\u0159\u00edstup do v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed na\u0161eho P\u00e1na a Spasitele Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista<\/em> <\/strong>(ver\u0161e 10 a 11).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tady sv. Petr odhaluje tu n\u00e1dhernou perspektivu, kter\u00e1 \u010dek\u00e1 ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se nam\u00e1haj\u00ed duchovn\u011b a t\u011blesn\u011b, post\u00ed se a z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 ctnosti. L\u00e1ska jim otev\u0159e p\u0159\u00edstup do v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00edho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jestli\u017ee s n\u00edm vytrv\u00e1me, budeme s n\u00edm i vl\u00e1dnout<\/em> (2. Timoteovi 2:12).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Redakce<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Apo\u0161tolsk\u00fd p\u016fst je dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm postn\u00edm obdob\u00edm v\u00a0c\u00edrkevn\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159i. Od Velk\u00e9ho p\u016fstu se li\u0161\u00ed svou um\u00edrn\u011bnost\u00ed a kr\u00e1tkost\u00ed. V\u00edme v\u0161ak, \u017ee postn\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 pouze…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[101],"class_list":["post-3338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svatky-a-svetci","tag-2025-05","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3338"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3342,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3338\/revisions\/3342"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}