T\u0159et\u00ed ned\u011ble velk\u00e9ho p\u016fstu je zasv\u011bcena klan\u011bn\u00ed svat\u00e9mu K\u0159\u00ed\u017ei a Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek je dnem, kdy byl uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n n\u00e1\u0161 P\u00e1n. Apo\u0161tolov\u00e9 a svat\u00ed otcov\u00e9 op\u011bvuj\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017e pomoc\u00ed t\u011bch nejvzne\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdraz\u016f. Opravdu hodn\u011b o k\u0159\u00ed\u017ei psal sv. Efr\u00e9m Syrsk\u00fd. Uve\u010fme aspo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1st kr\u00e1sn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edvlastk\u016f pou\u017eit\u00fdch sv\u011btcem: \u201eK\u0159\u00ed\u017e je vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm z mrtv\u00fdch. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je nad\u011bj\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je hol\u00ed pro chrom\u00e9. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je \u00fat\u011bchou chud\u00fdch. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je uzdou pro bohat\u00e9, svr\u017een\u00edm py\u0161n\u00fdch. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je pam\u00e1tn\u00edkem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad d\u00e9mony, vychovatelem mlad\u00fdch. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je nad\u011bj\u00ed pro zoufalce, kormidlem pro n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edky. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159\u00edstavem pro zasa\u017een\u00e9 bou\u0159\u00ed, zd\u00ed pro ty, kdo jsou obklopeni nep\u0159\u00e1teli. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je otcem sirotk\u016f, r\u00e1dcem pravdomluvn\u00fdch. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je \u00fat\u011bchou truchl\u00edc\u00edch, str\u00e1\u017ecem nemluv\u0148at, sl\u00e1vou mu\u017e\u016f, korunou starc\u016f.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podobn\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru se dr\u017e\u00ed i svat\u00fd Theodor Studita: \u201eK\u0159\u00ed\u017e je bohatstv\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je pro k\u0159es\u0165any nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011bm. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je nejleh\u010d\u00edm b\u0159emenem kladen\u00fdm na ramena Kristov\u00fdch u\u010dedn\u00edk\u016f. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je nejslad\u0161\u00ed \u00fat\u011bchou pro truchl\u00edc\u00ed du\u0161e. K\u0159\u00ed\u017e je smi\u0159ovatelem a prost\u0159edn\u00edkem mezi nebem a zem\u00ed. K\u0159\u00ed\u017eem je usmrcena smrt a Adamovi je navr\u00e1cen \u017eivot.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Svat\u00fd \u0158eho\u0159 z Nyssy tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pouze apo\u0161tol Pavel, jen\u017e byl p\u0159enesen ke dve\u0159\u00edm r\u00e1je a sly\u0161el nevypraviteln\u00e1 slova, m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlit tajemstv\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, co\u017e i d\u011bl\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m listu Efezsk\u00fdm: \u201eabyste\u2026 mohli spolu se v\u0161emi svat\u00fdmi pochopit, co je skute\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka a d\u00e9lka, v\u00fd\u0161ka i hloubka, a poznat Kristovu l\u00e1sku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159esahuje ka\u017ed\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, a d\u00e1t se prostoupit v\u0161\u00ed plnost\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed<\/em> (Efezsk\u00fdm 3: 18\u201319). Podv\u011bdom\u011b bo\u017esk\u00fd pohled apo\u0161tola kontempluje a r\u00fdsuje zde obraz k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, a jeho pohled, z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u011b o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd od temnoty nev\u011bdomosti, jasn\u011b vid\u011bl do sam\u00e9 podstaty. Nebo\u0165 v obrysu, skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm se ze \u010dty\u0159 protilehl\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010dek vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch ze spole\u010dn\u00e9ho st\u0159edu, vid\u00ed v\u0161ezahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edlu a podivuhodnou proz\u0159etelnost toho, kter\u00fd se rozhodl zjevit se sv\u011btu\u2026 Zd\u00e1 se mi, \u017ee t\u00edm chce jasn\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159it, \u017ee v\u0161e, co je ve vesm\u00edru, a\u0165 u\u017e nad nebesy, v podsv\u011bt\u00ed nebo na zemi od jednoho jej\u00edho konce do druh\u00e9ho, to v\u0161e \u017eije a p\u0159eb\u00fdv\u00e1 podle Bo\u017esk\u00e9 v\u016fle pod znamen\u00edm k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 znamen\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee i sv. Jan z Dama\u0161ku: \u201eJako \u010dty\u0159i konce k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee jsou spojeny ve st\u0159edu, tak i v\u00fd\u0161ka, hloubka, d\u00e9lka a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka, tedy v\u0161echno viditeln\u00e9 i neviditeln\u00e9 stvo\u0159en\u00ed, jsou spojeny Bo\u017e\u00ed moc\u00ed.\u201c A sv. Basil Velik\u00fd tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201ev\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bta byly p\u0159ivedeny ke sp\u00e1se \u010d\u00e1stmi k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pro n\u00e1s, sou\u010dasn\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165any, k\u0159\u00ed\u017e jako znamen\u00ed sp\u00e1sy, v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad smrt\u00ed je samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed. Ale ne v\u017edy tomu tak bylo. V dob\u011b apo\u0161tolsk\u00e9 byl k\u0159\u00ed\u017e symbolem hanebnosti a hr\u016fzy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Od dob Kaina lid\u00e9 vynalezli mnoho zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak vz\u00edt \u017eivot bli\u017en\u00edmu. Technologie poprav se neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edjela. Ve starov\u011bku i pozd\u011bji ve st\u0159edov\u011bku byla poprava ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm p\u0159edstaven\u00edm, m\u011bla ur\u010dit\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed a teatr\u00e1lnost. \u010clov\u011bk musel b\u00fdt usmrcen p\u0159ed o\u010dima zv\u011bdav\u00e9ho davu, c\u00edlem bylo vyvolat pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd strach. Ale odsouzen\u00fd k smrti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 popravy mohl dostat ur\u010ditou platformu, mohl \u0159\u00edct n\u011bco, co si lid\u00e9 zapamatuj\u00ed, vytknout poprav\u010d\u00edm nebo vyzvat sv\u00e9 stoupence, aby pokra\u010dovali v jeho boji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 ale necht\u011bli, aby se poprava jejich protivn\u00edk\u016f stala inspirativn\u00ed uk\u00e1zkou odolnosti hrdin\u016f tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 smrti. Stejn\u011b jako jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdci \u2013 Asy\u0159an\u00e9, Babylo\u0148an\u00e9, Per\u0161an\u00e9, Makedonci \u2013 v\u011bd\u011bli, jak p\u0159ipravit smrt o sebemen\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1mky kr\u00e1sy, hrdinstv\u00ed a romantiky. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed zpochybnili jejich moc, museli zem\u0159\u00edt nejen bolestn\u011b, ale i hanebn\u011b, u popraven\u00fdch by nem\u011bla z\u016fstat ani kapka s\u00edly \u010di d\u016fstojnosti. Jedin\u00fd dojem, kter\u00fd m\u011bla ud\u011blat poprava, byl dojem hanby a hr\u016fzy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Proto byl odsouzen\u00fd nejd\u0159\u00edve bi\u010dov\u00e1n a pak nucen n\u00e9st sv\u016fj k\u0159\u00ed\u017e na popravi\u0161t\u011b. Pot\u00e9 byl p\u0159ibit ke k\u0159\u00ed\u017ei a ponech\u00e1n um\u00edrat. V t\u00e9to situaci samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd prostor pro inspirativn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di a kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 legendy. Byla to por\u00e1\u017eka a hanba. Na popraven\u00e9ho v\u0161ichni rad\u011bji zapom\u00ednali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ale najednou se n\u00e1stroj potupn\u00e9 smrti st\u00e1v\u00e1 znamen\u00edm sl\u00e1vy a v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed; n\u00e1stroj mu\u010den\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 znamen\u00edm nad\u011bje. B\u016fh z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed n\u00e1stroj sp\u00e1sy. Svat\u00fd Athanasios Velik\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eJe\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus nep\u0159ijal ani Janovu smrt useknut\u00edm hlavy, ani smrt Izaj\u00e1\u0161e p\u0159e\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00edm pilou, aby i ve smrti z\u016fstalo jeho t\u011blo nerozd\u011blen\u00e9, aby t\u00edm vzal p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed by se odv\u00e1\u017eili rozd\u011blit jeho c\u00edrkev.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u016fh se stal \u010dlov\u011bkem Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161em Kristem, jen\u017e n\u00e1m byl podobn\u00fd ve v\u0161em krom\u011b h\u0159\u00edchu. A tento \u010dlov\u011bk pro n\u00e1s a pro na\u0161i sp\u00e1su p\u0159ijal stra\u0161nou smrt na k\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, zv\u00edt\u011bzil nad smrt\u00ed a otev\u0159el dve\u0159e do Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Nebylo to v\u0161ak to v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed a to kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, po nich\u017e tou\u017eili jeho sou\u010dasn\u00edci. Pozemsk\u00e9ho v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed ti, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010din\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed vel\u00ed legi\u00edm a mohou nechat roztrhat na kousky, ubodat \u010di uk\u0159i\u017eovat kohokoliv. Ale Kristus v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nesou smrt na ost\u0159\u00edch sv\u00fdch me\u010d\u016f a kop\u00ed. Kristus v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 smrt. Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek, den, kdy lid\u00e9 zabili Boha, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dnem, kdy B\u016fh spasil lidi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 velmi dob\u0159e pochopili, \u017ee kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed tohoto sv\u011bta se zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed na n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Jejich vl\u00e1dci nut\u00ed lidi k poslu\u0161nosti strachem z bolesti a smrti. Kristus buduje kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zalo\u017eeno na d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e a l\u00e1sce. Sv\u00e9 poddan\u00e9 neshroma\u017e\u010fuje silou, ale l\u00e1skou a v\u00edrou; nevyhro\u017euje, ale p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010duje; ukazuje se ne jako krut\u00fd v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk se zdvi\u017een\u00fdm me\u010dem, ale jako ten, kdo pokorn\u011b um\u00edr\u00e1 za druh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A toto Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed. Uplynou t\u0159i stalet\u00ed a s\u00e1m \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159 se sklon\u00ed p\u0159ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem. A na konci \u010das\u016f se k\u0159\u00ed\u017e podle sv. Efr\u00e9ma Syrsk\u00e9ho \u201ezjev\u00ed na nebi se v\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stupem and\u011bl\u016f a oz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed celou zemi od kraje do kraje jako sv\u011btlo slune\u010dn\u00e9, zv\u011bstuje p\u0159\u00edchod Krista P\u00e1na\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Svat\u00fd Dimitrij Rostovsk\u00fd p\u00ed\u0161e: \u201eKdo by nebyl dojat, hled\u011b na Poutn\u00edka, kter\u00fd se tak uboze vrac\u00ed do sv\u00e9ho domova! Byl na\u0161\u00edm hostem; poskytli jsme mu prvn\u00ed nocleh ve st\u00e1ji mezi dobytkem, pak jsme ho vystrnadili do Egypta k modl\u00e1\u0159\u016fm. U n\u00e1s nem\u011bl, kde by hlavu slo\u017eil, \u201ep\u0159i\u0161el do sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho, ale jeho vlastn\u00ed ho nep\u0159ijali\u201c (Jan 1:11). Nyn\u00ed jsme ho poslali na cestu s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem, na jeho ramena jsme polo\u017eili t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 b\u0159emeno na\u0161ich h\u0159\u00edch\u016f. \u201eNesl sv\u016fj k\u0159\u00ed\u017e a vy\u0161el z m\u011bsta na m\u00edsto zvan\u00e9 Lebka\u201c (Jan 19:17) ten, kdo \u201esv\u00fdm mocn\u00fdm slovem nese v\u0161e, co je\u201c (\u017did\u016fm 1:3). Prav\u00fd Iz\u00e1k nese k\u0159\u00ed\u017e \u2013 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, na kter\u00e9m mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ob\u011btov\u00e1n. T\u011b\u017ek\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e! Pod t\u00edhou k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee pad\u00e1 na zem udatn\u00fd bojovn\u00edk, ten, kter\u00fd \u201esvou pa\u017e\u00ed dok\u00e1zal moc\u201c (Luk\u00e1\u0161 1:51). Mnoz\u00ed plakali, ale Kristus \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201enepla\u010dte nade mnou\u201c (Luk\u00e1\u0161 23:28). Tento k\u0159\u00ed\u017e na m\u00fdch ramenou je moc, je kl\u00ed\u010d, j\u00edm\u017e odemknu uzam\u010den\u00e9 br\u00e1ny pekeln\u00e9 a vyvedu Adama, \u201enepla\u010dte\u201c. \u201eIsachar je kostnat\u00fd osel. Mezi dv\u011bma ohradami odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1. Uvid\u011bl, jak dobr\u00e9 odpo\u010dinut\u00ed m\u00edt bude a \u017ee rozko\u0161n\u00e1 je zem\u011b; sehnul h\u0159bet a b\u0159emena nosil\u201c (Genesis 49:14\u201315). \u201e\u010clov\u011bk vych\u00e1z\u00ed za svou prac\u00ed\u201c (\u017dalm 104:23). Nese tr\u016fn sv\u016fj Velekn\u011bz, aby z n\u011bj vzta\u017een\u00fdma rukama po\u017eehnal v\u0161em \u010d\u00e1stem sv\u011bta. Ezau vych\u00e1z\u00ed na pole, vzav toulec a luk, aby n\u011bco \u201eulovil\u201c pro sv\u00e9ho otce (Genesis 27:5). Vych\u00e1z\u00ed Kristus Spasitel a bere k\u0159\u00ed\u017e m\u00edsto luku, aby \u201eulovil\u201c, aby n\u00e1s v\u0161echny p\u0159it\u00e1hl k sob\u011b. \u201eA j\u00e1, a\u017e budu vyv\u00fd\u0161en ze zem\u011b, p\u0159it\u00e1hnu v\u0161ecky k sob\u011b\u201c (Jan 12:32). Vych\u00e1z\u00ed Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161 a bere h\u016fl. Bere sv\u016fj k\u0159\u00ed\u017e a vztahuje ruce, rozpolcuje mo\u0159e v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed, p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed n\u00e1s od smrti k \u017eivotu, a \u010f\u00e1bla jako faraona top\u00ed v propasti pekeln\u00e9\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00edm, \u017ee chvalo\u0159e\u010d\u00edme k\u0159\u00ed\u017e, hl\u00e1s\u00e1me svou v\u00edru v to, \u017ee nakonec nev\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zastra\u0161uje a nut\u00ed, ale l\u00e1ska, kter\u00e1 sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed i uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. A stav\u00edme se na stranu t\u00e9to l\u00e1sky ve sv\u011bt\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9m n\u00e1sil\u00edm, proto\u017ee jako \u010dlenov\u00e9 c\u00edrkve Kristovy pat\u0159\u00edme do budouc\u00edho sv\u011bta, kde ji\u017e nebude n\u00e1sil\u00ed, ale bude pouze l\u00e1ska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Redakce<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u0159et\u00ed ned\u011ble velk\u00e9ho p\u016fstu je zasv\u011bcena klan\u011bn\u00ed svat\u00e9mu K\u0159\u00ed\u017ei a Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek je dnem, kdy byl uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n n\u00e1\u0161 P\u00e1n. Apo\u0161tolov\u00e9 a svat\u00ed otcov\u00e9 op\u011bvuj\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2740,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[85],"class_list":["post-2738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svatky-a-svetci","tag-2024-03","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2738"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2741,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2738\/revisions\/2741"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}