Rozvoj k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 gastronomick\u00e9 tradice v prvn\u00edch stalet\u00edch c\u00edrkevn\u00edch d\u011bjin do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry navazoval na zvyky zem\u00ed St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde vznikaly prvn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 komunity. Strava v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch, i kdy\u017e m\u011bla n\u011bkter\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti, byla ur\u010dov\u00e1na prost\u0159ed\u00edm, ve kter\u00e9m \u017eili. Proto stoj\u00ed za to \u0159\u00edci p\u00e1r slov o preferenc\u00edch n\u00e1rod\u016f \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V dob\u011b zrodu k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 c\u00edrkve spadalo cel\u00e9 St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed pod nadvl\u00e1du \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria. C\u00edsa\u0159 Augustus zajistil obrovsk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu dlouhodob\u00fd m\u00edr a podm\u00ednky pro ekonomick\u00fd rozvoj, co\u017e umo\u017enilo unifikaci \u017eivota \u010detn\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f ob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch hranice \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. V z\u00e1padn\u00edch provinci\u00edch \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu se tyto procesy doprov\u00e1zely p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm politick\u00fdch a kulturn\u00edch tradic \u0158\u00edma m\u00edstn\u00edmi n\u00e1rody \u2013 keltsk\u00fdmi, germ\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi, ibersk\u00fdmi a berbersk\u00fdmi kmeny. Na v\u00fdchod\u011b se stejn\u00e9 trendy projevily v podob\u011b zes\u00edlen\u00ed helenizace \u2013 pronik\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159eck\u00fdch tradic, jazyka a kultury do \u017eivota m\u00edstn\u00edho obyvatelstva, kter\u00e9 za\u010dalo po v\u00fdboj\u00edch Alexandra Velik\u00e9ho (334\u2013325 p\u0159. Kr.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vliv \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 kultury m\u011bnil ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot n\u00e1rod\u016f, t\u00fdkalo se to i stravy obyvatel \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch provinci\u00ed. \u0158\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed kolonist\u00e9 sezn\u00e1mili vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed vrstvy provin\u010dn\u00edho obyvatelstva s gastronomick\u00fdmi tradicemi metropole, p\u0159isp\u011bli k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch kultur a plemen dobytka. V\u00a0podstat\u011b se v prvn\u00edch stolet\u00edch na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu vytvo\u0159ila kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 tradice, kter\u00e9 dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e1 strava.<\/p>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1215px-Still_life_with_eggs_birds_and_bronze_dishes_Pompeii-1024x607.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nJej\u00edm z\u00e1kladem byly t\u0159i nepostradateln\u00e9 prvky: chl\u00e9b, olivov\u00fd olej a v\u00edno a k tomu r\u016fzn\u00e9 obiloviny, ryby (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mo\u0159sk\u00e9), maso a dr\u016fbe\u017e, zelenina (okurky, celer, cibule, sal\u00e1t), ovoce (f\u00edky, jablka, hru\u0161ky, \u0161vestky, t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b), lu\u0161t\u011bniny, ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Z kombinac\u00ed t\u011bchto potravin vytv\u00e1\u0159eli \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed kucha\u0159i pro bohat\u00e9 gurm\u00e1ny pokrmy, kter\u00e9 udivovaly sou\u010dasn\u00edky svou sofistikovanost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b netvrd\u00edme, \u017ee \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 a \u0159eck\u00e9 kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 tradice zcela potla\u010dily ty m\u00edstn\u00ed. Chud\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch provinci\u00ed se i nad\u00e1le stravovali tak jako jejich p\u0159edkov\u00e9 p\u0159ed nastolen\u00edm \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 moci, p\u0159i nedostatku pen\u011bz se gastronomick\u00e9 preference st\u011b\u017e\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed. Ale \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd vliv na m\u00edstn\u00ed zvyky nen\u00ed radno podce\u0148ovat. Nap\u0159\u00edklad na konci 3. stolet\u00ed egypt\u0161t\u00ed roln\u00edci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159estali vyr\u00e1b\u011bt a p\u00edt sv\u016fj tradi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1poj \u2013 pivo a nahradili ho v\u00ednem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e9le ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch regionech se m\u00edstn\u00ed kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 zvyky zachovaly v t\u011bch provinci\u00edch, kde byly podporov\u00e1ny autoritou n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 tradice, kter\u00e1 n\u011bkdy p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b tabuizovala konzumaci n\u011bkter\u00fdch potravin. Nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly gastronomick\u00e9 z\u00e1kazy, kter\u00fdch se dr\u017eeli \u017did\u00e9, ji\u017e tvo\u0159ili v\u011bt\u0161inu obyvatel provincie Judea. Z\u00e1kon zakazoval v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm \u017eid\u016fm j\u00edst vep\u0159ov\u00e9, velbloud\u00ed, zaje\u010d\u00ed maso, n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy ryb a kombinovat maso a ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd j\u00eddeln\u00ed l\u00edstek v prvn\u00edch stolet\u00edch po Kristu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Po\u010detn\u00e1 skupina k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu se v 1. stolet\u00ed dr\u017eela ka\u017edodenn\u00edch tradic sv\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed evangelia brzy vyvolalo ot\u00e1zku dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed staroz\u00e1konn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f v\u010detn\u011b ka\u0161rutu \u2013 souboru pravidel pro ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed zp\u016fsobilost t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se i j\u00eddla. To, co bylo povoleno k j\u00eddlu, se ozna\u010dovalo jako ko\u0161er. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 t\u00e9to skupiny trvali na tom, \u017ee nov\u011b obr\u00e1cen\u00ed pohan\u00e9 a k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 obecn\u011b mus\u00ed star\u00e1 pravidla dodr\u017eovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prvn\u00ed pokyny t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se konzumace d\u0159\u00edve zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch potravin k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 obdr\u017eeli prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Bo\u017e\u00edho zjeven\u00ed. Kniha Skutk\u016f apo\u0161tol\u016f podrobn\u011b popisuje tento okam\u017eik: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Druh\u00e9ho dne\u2026 vy\u0161el Petr za poledne na rovnou st\u0159echu domu, aby se modlil.\u00a0Pak dostal hlad a cht\u011bl se naj\u00edst. Zat\u00edmco mu p\u0159ipravovali j\u00eddlo, upadl do vytr\u017een\u00ed mysli:\u00a0Vid\u00ed, jak se z otev\u0159en\u00e9ho nebe cosi sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed; podobalo se to velik\u00e9 placht\u011b, kterou spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed za \u010dty\u0159i c\u00edpy k zemi.\u00a0Byly v n\u00ed v\u0161echny druhy \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f: \u010dtverno\u017eci, plazi i pt\u00e1ci.\u00a0Tu k n\u011bmu zazn\u011bl hlas: \u201eVsta\u0148, Pet\u0159e, zab\u00edjej a jez!\u201c\u00a0Petr odpov\u011bd\u011bl: \u201eTo ne, Pane! Je\u0161t\u011b nikdy jsem nejedl nic, co poskvr\u0148uje a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uje.\u201c\u00a0Ale hlas se ozval znovu: \u201eCo B\u016fh prohl\u00e1sil za \u010dist\u00e9, nepokl\u00e1dej za ne\u010dist\u00e9.\u201c<\/em> (10:9\u201315)<\/p>\n\n\n Probl\u00e9m byl definitivn\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161en apo\u0161tolsk\u00fdm sn\u011bmem. Jedin\u00fdm doporu\u010den\u00edm bylo, aby se k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 vyh\u00fdbali masu zardou\u0161en\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at a krvi (Skutky 15:20). Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm se stalo sv\u011bdectv\u00ed apo\u0161tola Petra:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eBrat\u0159i! Sami v\u00edte, \u017ee B\u016fh z n\u00e1s u\u017e d\u00e1vno vybral m\u011b, aby pohan\u00e9 sly\u0161eli slovo evangelia z m\u00fdch \u00fast a uv\u011b\u0159ili. B\u016fh, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 srdce, jim tehdy vydal sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, kdy\u017e jim dal Ducha svat\u00e9ho tak jako n\u00e1m. V\u00edrou o\u010distil jejich srdce a neu\u010dinil \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi n\u00e1mi a jimi. Pro\u010d tedy te\u010f pokou\u0161\u00edte Boha? Pro\u010d nakl\u00e1d\u00e1te u\u010dedn\u00edk\u016fm jho, kter\u00e9 nemohli un\u00e9st ani na\u0161i otcov\u00e9, ani my? V\u011b\u0159\u00edme p\u0159ece, \u017ee jsme stejn\u011b jako oni spaseni milost\u00ed P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e.<\/em>\u201c (15:7\u201311)<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 komunity souhlasily s t\u00edm, \u017ee dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed staroz\u00e1konn\u00edch gastronomick\u00fdch z\u00e1kaz\u016f nen\u00ed povinn\u00e9. Ov\u0161em n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed apologeti i nad\u00e1le tvrdili, \u017ee i kdy\u017e \u017eidovsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kazy nejsou pro k\u0159es\u0165any povinn\u00e9, jsou nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed. T\u0159eba Klement Alexandrijsk\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b ve 3. stolet\u00ed nab\u00e1dal sv\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e, aby nejedli vep\u0159ov\u00e9 maso a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy ryb, proto\u017ee je pova\u017eoval za nezdrav\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z\u00e1kaz j\u00eddla ob\u011btovan\u00e9ho modl\u00e1m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Jedin\u00fdm gastronomick\u00fdm tabu, kter\u00e9 bylo ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b ran\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch komunit p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1no, byl z\u00e1kaz konzumovat j\u00eddlo ob\u011btovan\u00e9 modl\u00e1m. Praxe krvav\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed byla b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 u t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. V \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i byla \u010d\u00e1st ob\u011btovan\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete po por\u00e1\u017ece ritu\u00e1ln\u011b sp\u00e1lena a druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st se rozd\u00e1vala chud\u00fdm nebo se prod\u00e1vala ve prosp\u011bch kn\u011bze na trhu spolu s oby\u010dejn\u00fdm masem.<\/p>\n\n\n Na to, \u017ee by se k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 nem\u011bli \u00fa\u010dastnit ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f pohan\u016f, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch se j\u00ed maso ob\u011btovan\u00e9 modl\u00e1m, ani kupovat takov\u00e9 maso, upozor\u0148uje apo\u0161tol Pavel. P\u0159i tom ale zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee pokrm ob\u011btovan\u00fd modl\u00e1m, ani sama modla nic neznamenaj\u00ed. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee \u201eto, co pohan\u00e9 ob\u011btuj\u00ed, ob\u011btuj\u00ed d\u00e9mon\u016fm, a ne Bohu. Nechci, abyste ve\u0161li ve spole\u010denstv\u00ed s d\u00e9mony. Nem\u016f\u017eete p\u00edt kalich P\u00e1n\u011b i kalich d\u00e9mon\u016f. Nem\u016f\u017eete m\u00edt \u00fa\u010dast na stolu P\u00e1n\u011b i na stolu d\u00e9mon\u016f<\/em>\u201c (1. Korintsk\u00fdm 10:20\u201321). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 apo\u0161tol vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k ohleduplnosti v\u016f\u010di slab\u0161\u00edm bratr\u016fm: \u201eV\u0161ecko je dovoleno \u2013 ano, ale ne v\u0161ecko prosp\u00edv\u00e1. V\u0161ecko je dovoleno \u2013 ano, ale ne v\u0161ecko p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu r\u016fstu. Nikdo a\u0165 nemysl\u00ed s\u00e1m na sebe, n\u00fdbr\u017e a\u0165 m\u00e1 ohled na druh\u00e9ho!<\/em>\u201c (1. Korintsk\u00fdm 10:23\u201324) A na jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e listu: \u201eJe-li j\u00eddlo kamenem \u00farazu pro m\u00e9ho bratra, nechci u\u017e nikdy j\u00edst maso, abych nep\u0159ivedl sv\u00e9ho bratra k p\u00e1du.<\/em>\u201c (1. Korintsk\u00fdm 8:13)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tento z\u00e1kaz byl v\u0161ak platn\u00fd pouze v situaci, kdy byl uveden p\u016fvod masa. Maso koupen\u00e9 na trhu se mohlo pou\u017e\u00edvat, pokud k\u0159es\u0165an nev\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee bylo ob\u011btov\u00e1no pohansk\u00fdm boh\u016fm: \u201eJezte v\u0161echno, co se prod\u00e1v\u00e1 v masn\u00fdch kr\u00e1mech, a pro sv\u00e9 sv\u011bdom\u00ed se nepot\u0159ebujete na nic pt\u00e1t.<\/em>\u201c (1. Korintsk\u00fdm 10:25) Mnoz\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 se v\u0161ak sna\u017eili zjistit p\u016fvod masa, kter\u00e9 kupovali. Na to poukazuje t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd spisovatel a pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Plinius mlad\u0161\u00ed (61\u2013113). Ve sv\u00e9m dopise c\u00edsa\u0159i Traj\u00e1novi s nelibost\u00ed poznamenal, \u017ee d\u00edky \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed v provincii Bith\u00fdnia si obyvatel\u00e9 p\u0159estali kupovat maso ob\u011btovan\u00e9 modl\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ale v podstat\u011b se pokrmy \u010dlen\u016f v\u011bt\u0161iny ran\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch komunit neli\u0161ily od pokrm\u016f jejich pohansk\u00fdch soused\u016f. Autor listu Diognetovi l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed situaci v ran\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 dob\u011b takto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n O zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch pokrmech, o strachu p\u0159ed pracemi o sabbatu, o vychloub\u00e1n\u00ed se ob\u0159\u00edzkou, o p\u0159edst\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fstu, o slaven\u00ed novolun\u00ed, o takov\u00fdch sm\u011b\u0161nostech nezasluhuj\u00edc\u00edch si zm\u00ednky se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee se nepot\u0159ebuje\u0161 ode mne dozv\u011bd\u011bt. Co\u017e nen\u00ed nespravedliv\u00e9 z toho, co B\u016fh stvo\u0159il k pot\u0159eb\u011b lid\u00ed, jedno pova\u017eovat za dobr\u00e9 a druh\u00fdm jako naprosto neu\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm opovrhovat?… Co\u017e nen\u00ed sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vychloubat se, \u017ee z\u00e1kaz po\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed masa je d\u016fkazem vyvolen\u00ed, jako by byli ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed milosti u Boha?… K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 se neli\u0161\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch lid\u00ed ani p\u016fvodem, ani \u0159e\u010d\u00ed, ani zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota\u2026 V od\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a j\u00eddle se p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edm zvyk\u016fm<\/em>. (List Diognetovi IV., V.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n O t\u00e9m\u017e psal i Tertullianus: \u201eCo\u017e lid\u00e9 \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00e1mi nejed\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e co vy, neobl\u00e9kaj\u00ed se jako vy, nevzd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed se jako vy?<\/em>\u201c (Apologetium XLII.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Agapy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivota ran\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch komunit byly tzv. agapy \u2013 ve\u010dern\u00ed nebo no\u010dn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch doprov\u00e1zen\u00e1 modlitbami, eucharisti\u00ed a spole\u010dn\u00fdm stolov\u00e1n\u00edm. V 1. a 2. stolet\u00ed se takov\u00e9 ve\u010de\u0159e po\u0159\u00e1daly jednou t\u00fddn\u011b na n\u00e1klady cel\u00e9 komunity nebo jej\u00edch nejbohat\u0161\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f. C\u00edlem bylo podpo\u0159it chud\u00e9 spolubratry, vdovy, star\u0161\u00ed lidi a sirotky. Tertullianus o tom p\u00ed\u0161e: \u201eU \u0158ek\u016f se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 agap\u00e9 l\u00e1skou. A\u0165 u\u017e jsou n\u00e1klady na ni jak\u00e9koli, jsou-li d\u00edlem zbo\u017enosti, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se ziskem. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1me t\u00edm pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm\u2026 U Boha m\u00e1 prosba pon\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch velkou cenu<\/em>\u201c (Apologetium XXXIX.). Zmi\u0148uje se o tom i Justin Filosof: \u201eKdo z\u00e1mo\u017en\u00ed jsme, nuzn\u00fdm v\u0161em p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1me, a v\u017edy pospolu b\u00fdv\u00e1me.<\/em>\u201c (Obrana I., 67)<\/p>\n\n\n Obvykle se b\u011bhem hod\u016f l\u00e1sky jedly jednoduch\u00e9 pokrmy ze zeleniny, ovoce a masa, av\u0161ak mnoz\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 maso odm\u00edtali. Velmi \u010dasto se p\u0159i hostin\u011b nab\u00edzela ryba, kter\u00e1 byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejslu\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed j\u00eddlo pro k\u0159es\u0165ana, proto\u017ee se opakovan\u011b zmi\u0148ovala v evangeli\u00edch. Pily se voda a v\u00edno. N\u011bkdy si \u010dlenov\u00e9 komunity mohli odn\u00e9st \u010d\u00e1st j\u00eddla dom\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed se konala tajn\u011b, nesm\u011bli se jich z\u00fa\u010dastnit ani katechumeni, co\u017e vedlo ke vznik\u016f v\u0161elijak\u00fdch f\u00e1m v\u010detn\u011b podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 b\u011bhem sv\u00fdch no\u010dn\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed krvav\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 ob\u011bti. Ale v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00e1znam\u016f autor\u016f 1.\u20133. stolet\u00ed, jak pohansk\u00fdch, tak k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch, nazna\u010dovala nepravdivost takov\u00fdch zv\u011bst\u00ed. V\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Plinius mlad\u0161\u00ed, jen\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 2. stolet\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159oval p\u0159\u00edpad \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed v Bith\u00fdnii, sv\u011bd\u010dil, \u017ee jedin\u00e1 vina k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f spo\u010d\u00edvala v tom, \u017ee se v ur\u010dit\u00e9 dny \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no se\u0161li a oslavovali Krista jako Boha, a \u017ee se ve jm\u00e9nu sv\u00e9 v\u00edry zav\u00e1zali nekr\u00e1st, necizolo\u017eit, dodr\u017eovat sv\u00e9 slovo a vracet sv\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy, a po tomto se zase shrom\u00e1\u017edili k j\u00eddlu, ov\u0161em oby\u010dejn\u00e9mu a nevinn\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n Michail Vede\u0161kin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e P\u00e1n Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus stanovil hlavn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165anskou sv\u00e1tost \u2013 eucharistii, byla z\u00e1rove\u0148 slavnostn\u00ed hostinou u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Pesachu, hlavn\u00edho \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho sv\u00e1tku. Prvn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2681,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[84],"class_list":["post-2675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dejiny","tag-2024-01","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2675"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2675\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2682,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2675\/revisions\/2682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/2-Petr-se-modli-na-strese-1024x805.jpg\")
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