{"id":2599,"date":"2023-12-30T20:38:08","date_gmt":"2023-12-30T19:38:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/?p=2599"},"modified":"2024-01-03T20:38:31","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T19:38:31","slug":"nenapadny-svatek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/2023\/12\/30\/nenapadny-svatek\/","title":{"rendered":"Nen\u00e1padn\u00fd sv\u00e1tek"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1.\/14. ledna si pravoslavn\u00e1 c\u00edrkev p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 biblickou ud\u00e1lost popsanou v Luk\u00e1\u0161ov\u011b evangeliu jedn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dkem: Kdy\u017e uplynulo osm dn\u00ed a nastal \u010das k jeho ob\u0159\u00edzce, dali mu jm\u00e9no Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161, kter\u00e9 dostal od and\u011bla d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e jej matka po\u010dala<\/em> (2:21). D\u00e1le ji\u017e n\u00e1sleduje popis setk\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b se Simeonem. Nev\u0161\u00edmav\u00fd \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 se u t\u00e9 v\u011bty t\u0159eba ani nezastav\u00ed. A pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 z n\u00e1s i c\u00edrkevn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek Ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdm. Ov\u0161em vt\u011blen\u00fd Syn Bo\u017e\u00ed nic bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho nikdy ne\u010dinil. Tak zam\u011b\u0159me svou pozornost na jeden z velk\u00fdch c\u00edrkevn\u00edch sv\u00e1tku, jen\u017e oza\u0159uje po\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ob\u0159\u00edzka ve Star\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V tento den se na velk\u00e9 ve\u010dern\u00ed \u010dtou slova knihy Genesis o ustanoven\u00ed oby\u010deje ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e bylo Abramovi dev\u011btadevades\u00e1t let, uk\u00e1zal se mu Hospodin a \u0159ekl: \u201eJ\u00e1 jsem B\u016fh v\u0161emohouc\u00ed, cho\u010f st\u00e1le p\u0159ede mnou, bu\u010f bez\u00fahonn\u00fd! Mezi sebe a tebe kladu svou smlouvu; p\u0159evelice t\u011b rozmno\u017e\u00edm\u2026 Stane\u0161 se praotcem hlu\u010d\u00edc\u00edho davu pron\u00e1rod\u016f. Nebude\u0161 se u\u017e naz\u00fdvat Abram; tv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no bude Abraham\u2026 P\u0159evelice t\u011b rozplod\u00edm a u\u010din\u00edm z tebe pron\u00e1rody, i kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 z tebe vzejdou. Smlouvu mezi sebou a tebou i tv\u00fdm potomstvem ve v\u0161ech pokolen\u00edch \u010din\u00edm toti\u017e smlouvou v\u011b\u010dnou, \u017ee budu Bohem tob\u011b i tv\u00e9mu potomstvu\u2026Ty i tvoje potomstvo budete mou smlouvu zachov\u00e1vat ve v\u0161ech pokolen\u00edch. Znamen\u00edm m\u00e9 smlouvy mezi mnou a v\u00e1mi i tv\u00fdm potomstvem, kterou budete zachov\u00e1vat, bude toto: Ka\u017ed\u00fd mezi v\u00e1mi, kdo je mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohlav\u00ed, bude ob\u0159ez\u00e1n. D\u00e1te ob\u0159ezat sv\u00e9 neob\u0159ezan\u00e9 t\u011blo a to bude znamen\u00edm smlouvy mezi mnou a v\u00e1mi. Po v\u0161echna pokolen\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo je mezi v\u00e1mi mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohlav\u00ed, bude osm\u00e9ho dne po narozen\u00ed ob\u0159ez\u00e1n, doma zrozen\u00fd i koupen\u00fd za st\u0159\u00edbro od kter\u00e9hokoli cizince, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed z tv\u00e9ho potomstva. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ob\u0159ez\u00e1n ka\u017ed\u00fd zrozen\u00fd v tv\u00e9m dom\u011b i koupen\u00fd za st\u0159\u00edbro. Tak bude m\u00e1 smlouva pro znamen\u00ed na va\u0161em t\u011ble smlouvou v\u011b\u010dnou. Neob\u0159ezanec, kter\u00fd by nedal sv\u00e9 neob\u0159ezan\u00e9 t\u011blo ob\u0159ezat, bude ze sv\u00e9ho lidu vyobcov\u00e1n; poru\u0161il mou smlouvu.\u201c<\/em> (17:1\u20132, 4\u20137, 9\u201314)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z textu plyne, \u017ee ob\u0159\u00edzka je jak\u00fdmsi symbolem smlouvy mezi Bohem a vyvolen\u00fdm n\u00e1rodem a znamen\u00edm \u00fa\u010dasti na t\u00e9to smlouv\u011b. Hospodin p\u0159itom upravuje jm\u00e9no sv\u00e9ho slu\u017eebn\u00edka z Abrama na Abrahama. Kristus jako Abraham\u016fv potomek podle t\u011bla podstoupil ob\u0159\u00edzku podle z\u00e1kona v osm\u00fd den po sv\u00e9m narozen\u00ed. V\u0161imn\u011bte si tak\u00e9, \u017ee u t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti i na\u0161emu P\u00e1nu bylo d\u00e1no jm\u00e9no Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1mitky apo\u0161tola Pavla<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dejte si pozor na ty psy, dejte si pozor na ty \u0161patn\u00e9 d\u011bln\u00edky, dejte si pozor na tu \u201aroz\u0159\u00edzku\u2018!<\/em> (Filipsk\u00fdm 3:2). Apo\u0161tol Pavel s pal\u010divou starost\u00ed varuje k\u0159es\u0165any: Nebo\u0165 prav\u00e1 ob\u0159\u00edzka jsme my, kte\u0159\u00ed duchem slou\u017e\u00edme Bohu, chlub\u00edme se Kristem Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161em a ned\u00e1me na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci<\/em> (Filipsk\u00fdm 3:3). Pro apo\u0161tola je \u017eidovsk\u00e1 ob\u0159\u00edzka pouhou t\u011blesnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 po Kristov\u011b zmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed ztratila platnost. Ale staroz\u00e1konn\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed ustanoven\u00ed jen tak nezmizelo, n\u00fdbr\u017e bylo prom\u011bn\u011bno. O tom Pavel p\u00ed\u0161e v listu Kolosk\u00fdm: V n\u011bm jste ob\u0159ez\u00e1ni ob\u0159\u00edzkou, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed ud\u011bl\u00e1na lidskou rukou; ob\u0159\u00edzka Kristova je odlo\u017een\u00edm cel\u00e9ho nevykoupen\u00e9ho t\u011bla<\/em> (2:11). K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 maj\u00ed novou ob\u0159\u00edzku, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed ud\u011bl\u00e1na lidskou rukou. Pavel pokra\u010duje: S Kristem jste byli ve k\u0159tu poh\u0159beni a spolu s n\u00edm tak\u00e9 vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161eni v\u00edrou v Boha, jen\u017e ho svou moc\u00ed vzk\u0159\u00edsil z mrtv\u00fdch<\/em> (2:12).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Starou smlouvu nahradila nov\u00e1 a jej\u00edm znamen\u00edm se stal k\u0159est. Svat\u00fd Teofilakt Ochridsk\u00fd vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 Pavlova slova takto: \u201eJe to \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee jste p\u0159ijali ob\u0159\u00edzku v Kristu. Nebo\u0165 nevykonala ob\u0159\u00edzku t\u011bla lidsk\u00e1 ruka, ale Duch svat\u00fd ob\u0159ezal nikoliv \u010d\u00e1st, ale cel\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. D\u0159\u00edve ob\u0159\u00edzkou, odstran\u011bn\u00edm t\u011blesn\u00e9 rou\u0161ky, b\u00fdvala odhalena \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla; ale te\u010f se cel\u00e9 na\u0161e t\u011blo zbavuje h\u0159\u00edchu, kter\u00e9ho se dopou\u0161t\u00edme v t\u011ble. A takovou ob\u0159\u00edzku nevykon\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1kon, ale Kristus ve k\u0159tu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z n\u00e1s svl\u00e9k\u00e1 star\u00fd \u017eivot, h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00fd a t\u011blesn\u00fd.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pot\u0159eboval v\u0161ak Kristus takov\u00fd symbol? Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ne. V\u0161echno, co d\u011blal, d\u011blal pro n\u00e1s, pro na\u0161i sp\u00e1su. V\u017edy\u0165 s\u00e1m \u0159ekl, \u017ee nep\u0159i\u0161el zru\u0161it Z\u00e1kon a Proroky, n\u00fdbr\u017e naplnit. Sv\u00e1tek Ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b n\u00e1m odkr\u00fdv\u00e1 paradoxn\u00ed spojen\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed velikosti a lidsk\u00e9 pokory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na prestolu ohniv\u00e9m na v\u00fdsostech tr\u016fn\u011b s Otcem bezpo\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00fdm i bo\u017esk\u00fdm sv\u00fdm Duchem, r\u00e1\u010dil ses, Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161i, na zemi naroditi z Panny, nepoznav\u0161\u00ed mu\u017ee, svoj\u00ed Matky, proto jsi byl i ob\u0159ez\u00e1n jako \u010clov\u011bk osmidenn\u00ed. Sl\u00e1va p\u0159edobr\u00e9mu rozhodnut\u00ed Tv\u00e9mu, sl\u00e1va proz\u0159etelnosti Tvoj\u00ed, sl\u00e1va milosti Tv\u00e9, jedin\u00fd Lidumile<\/em> (tropar sv\u00e1tku).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u010d se ten sv\u00e1tek zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt tak nen\u00e1padn\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fvod\u016f je n\u011bkolik. Za\u010d\u00e1tek kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku se vyzna\u010duje hned n\u011bkolika v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi a sv\u00e1tky. Narozen\u00ed Kristovo a Zjeven\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b \u2013 mezi t\u011bmito sv\u00e1tky je Ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed jako hv\u011bzda mezi dv\u011bma slunci. Druh\u00fdm d\u016fvodem je to, \u017ee na stejn\u00fd den p\u0159ipad\u00e1 sv\u00e1tek Basila Velik\u00e9ho, jednoho z vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch sv\u011btc\u016f. Krom\u011b toho sv\u00e1tek zasti\u0148uje slaven\u00ed nov\u00e9ho roku a s n\u00edm spojen\u00e9 pozemsk\u00e9 starosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A tak bohu\u017eel ud\u00e1lost ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e unikne na\u0161\u00ed pozornosti. Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b v tento den n\u00e1\u0161 Spasitel za\u010dal plnit z\u00e1kon dan\u00fd Bohem. Kone\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem podroben\u00ed se z\u00e1konu bylo na\u0161e spasen\u00ed: Kdy\u017e se naplnil stanoven\u00fd \u010das, poslal B\u016fh sv\u00e9ho Syna, narozen\u00e9ho z \u017eeny, podroben\u00e9ho z\u00e1konu, aby vykoupil ty, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou z\u00e1konu podrobeni, tak abychom byli p\u0159ijati za syny\u2026 A tak u\u017e nejsi otrok, n\u00fdbr\u017e syn, a kdy\u017e syn, tedy z moci Bo\u017e\u00ed i d\u011bdic.<\/em> (Galatsk\u00fdm 4:4\u20135, 7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Svat\u00fd Dimitrij Rostovsk\u00fd p\u00ed\u0161e o sv\u00e1tku Ob\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 trp\u011bt ji\u017e v kojeneck\u00e9m v\u011bku a zvyk\u00e1 si na utrpen\u00ed, aby kdy\u017e se stane dokonal\u00fdm mu\u017eem, byl schopen sn\u00e1\u0161et je\u0161t\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed utrpen\u00ed, nebo\u0165 na \u010diny mu\u017ee je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt zvykl\u00fd od ml\u00e1d\u00ed. Lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot napln\u011bn\u00fd prac\u00ed je jako den, jeho\u017e r\u00e1no je narozen\u00edm a ve\u010der smrt\u00ed. Kristus, zbo\u017e\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd mu\u017e, od r\u00e1na, od plen, vyjde za svou prac\u00ed, pracuje od sam\u00e9ho ml\u00e1d\u00ed a kon\u00e1 slu\u017ebu a\u017e do ve\u010dera (\u017dalm 104:23), toho ve\u010dera, kdy nastala tma po cel\u00e9 zemi a\u017e do t\u0159\u00ed hodin (Matou\u0161 27:45).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \u0159ekne \u017eid\u016fm: \u201eM\u016fj Otec pracuje bez p\u0159est\u00e1n\u00ed, proto i j\u00e1 pracuji.\u201c (Jan 5:17) Jakou pr\u00e1ci kon\u00e1 pro n\u00e1s P\u00e1n? Uprost\u0159ed zem\u011b kon\u00e1 sp\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u010diny (\u017dalm 74:12). A aby vykonal tyto \u010diny dokonale, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ji\u017e od r\u00e1na, od ml\u00e1d\u00ed, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 sn\u00e1\u0161et t\u011blesnou bolest a z\u00e1rove\u0148 trp\u00ed za n\u00e1s srdcem, za sv\u00e9 d\u011bti, dokud nebudeme dotvo\u0159eni v podobu samotn\u00e9ho Krista (Galatsk\u00fdm 3:19). R\u00e1no za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rozs\u00e9vat svou krev, aby ve\u010der mohl skl\u00edzet kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 ovoce na\u0161eho vykoupen\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak odlo\u017eme na chv\u00edli sv\u00e9 starosti a zamysleme se nad v\u00fdznamem tohoto velik\u00e9ho c\u00edrkevn\u00edho sv\u00e1tku, aby p\u0159estal pro n\u00e1s b\u00fdt nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nad\u011b\u017eda Skvarnik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.\/14. ledna si pravoslavn\u00e1 c\u00edrkev p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 biblickou ud\u00e1lost popsanou v Luk\u00e1\u0161ov\u011b evangeliu jedn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1dkem: Kdy\u017e uplynulo osm dn\u00ed a nastal \u010das k jeho ob\u0159\u00edzce, dali mu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2600,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[83],"class_list":["post-2599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svatky-a-svetci","tag-2023-12","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2599"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2601,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2599\/revisions\/2601"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}