{"id":2161,"date":"2023-07-07T14:35:43","date_gmt":"2023-07-07T13:35:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/?p=2161"},"modified":"2023-08-07T14:35:57","modified_gmt":"2023-08-07T13:35:57","slug":"tajemstvi-chramove-hory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/2023\/07\/07\/tajemstvi-chramove-hory\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajemstv\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hory"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00fd chr\u00e1m je jednou z&nbsp;nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch staveb v&nbsp;d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva. Tento staroz\u00e1konn\u00ed chr\u00e1m je zn\u00e1m jako chr\u00e1m \u0160alomouna, ale tak\u00e9 jako chr\u00e1m p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00fd Zerub\u00e1belem po babylonsk\u00e9m zajet\u00ed a pozd\u011bji Herodem. Byl m\u00edstem setk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s&nbsp;Bohem, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u201edoup\u011btem lupi\u010d\u016f\u201c, z&nbsp;n\u011bho\u017e P\u00e1n Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus musel vyhnat prodava\u010de a kupuj\u00edc\u00ed v n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed, zp\u0159evracet stoly sm\u011bn\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f i st\u00e1nky prodava\u010d\u016f holub\u016f (Matou\u0161 21:12\u201313). M\u011bl se st\u00e1t m\u00edstem sl\u00e1vy Syna Bo\u017e\u00edho, ale stal se m\u00edstem z\u0159eknut\u00ed se Boha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u011bjiny chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hory jsou mytologizov\u00e1ny. Kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee v&nbsp;dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b hora pat\u0159\u00ed muslimsk\u00e9 komunit\u011b Jeruzal\u00e9ma, je t\u011b\u017eko v\u00e9st na tomto m\u00edst\u011b jak\u00e9koliv archeologick\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy. Bohu\u017eel muslimov\u00e9 zde tajn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed sv\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy, kter\u00e9 se neza\u0159azuj\u00ed do \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch odbornick\u00fdch publikac\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 v\u011bda disponuje pouze materi\u00e1lem nalezen\u00fdm na chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 ho\u0159e v&nbsp;19. a prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed. \u017did\u00e9 na horu nesm\u011bj\u00ed vstupovat z&nbsp;toho d\u016fvodu, \u017ee se nyn\u00ed nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed o\u010distn\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165, p\u0159i vstupu do svatyn\u011b lze vid\u011bt ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed izraelsk\u00e9ho rabin\u00e1tu. Tak\u017ee dostat se na chr\u00e1movou horu mohou pouze poutn\u00edci k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 a muslimov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dnes jsou na chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 ho\u0159e dv\u011b kultovn\u00ed budovy. Prvn\u00ed je me\u0161ita Qubbat as-Sachra \u2013 Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m s&nbsp;honosnou zlatou kupol\u00ed. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee byla postavena nad velesvatyn\u00ed Jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu, kde kdysi st\u00e1vala archa \u00famluvy \u2013 na vrcholu hory Moria, na z\u00e1klad\u011b nestvo\u0159en\u00e9m rukou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e1 kupole se ty\u010d\u00ed nad me\u0161itou al-Aksa, vzd\u00e1lenou me\u0161itou, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na ji\u017en\u00edm okraji nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 plo\u0161iny. Muslimov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee je m\u00edstem, na kter\u00e9 byl z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u011b p\u0159enesen prorok Mohamed b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed vize. Pot\u00e9, co v&nbsp;7. stolet\u00ed vojska chal\u00edfy Omara dobyla Jeruzal\u00e9m, jen\u017e po ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m vp\u00e1du Per\u0161an\u016f le\u017eel v&nbsp;trosk\u00e1ch, se jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00fd patriarcha Sofronios rozhodl vzd\u00e1t se m\u011bsta bez boje, aby zachr\u00e1nil obyvatele. A pr\u00e1v\u011b za chal\u00edfy Omara ve m\u011bst\u011b vznikly prvn\u00ed me\u0161ity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Me\u0161ita al-Aksa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1hadn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh spojuje me\u0161itu al-Aksa s\u00a0ryt\u00ed\u0159i templ\u00e1\u0159i. Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev \u0159\u00e1du je odvozen od n\u00e1zvu chr\u00e1mu \u2013 Temple. Chr\u00e1m je tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mytologie svobodn\u00fdch zedn\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ov\u0161em nemaj\u00ed s\u00a0templ\u00e1\u0159i nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Uvnit\u0159 nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed me\u0161ity se nach\u00e1z\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed, z\u0159ejm\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00ed me\u0161ita. M\u00e1 typickou pozdn\u011b gotickou architekturu, kter\u00e1 nepochybn\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed dob\u011b k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato stavba je spojena s\u00a0templ\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159\u00e1dem.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2162\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-Mesita-al-Aksa.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Me\u0161ita al-Aksa (Ronen Tivony\/NurPhoto via ZUMA Press)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>V\u00a0dob\u011b vzniku bratrstva ryt\u00ed\u0159i je\u0161t\u011b nem\u011bli vlastn\u00ed chr\u00e1m a bydli\u0161t\u011b, jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Balduin I. jim poskytl p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci, jen\u017e st\u00e1l na ji\u017en\u00edm svahu chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hory. Jeruzal\u00e9m v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e byl n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t p\u0159estav\u011bn. Na ji\u017en\u00ed stran\u011b hory st\u00e1ly pal\u00e1ce muslimsk\u00e9 dynastie Umajjovc\u016f, na jejich\u017e m\u00edst\u011b i vznikl Balduin\u016fv pal\u00e1c. A na m\u00edst\u011b dne\u0161n\u00ed me\u0161ity templ\u00e1\u0159i vybudovali k\u0159es\u0165anskou baziliku, jej\u00ed\u017e zbytky jsou dodnes za\u010dlen\u011bny do al-Aksy.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2163\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2-Mesita-al-Aksa.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Pod me\u0161itou se nach\u00e1z\u00ed vchod do hloubky chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 platformy, kam je vstup pro poutn\u00edky bohu\u017eel zak\u00e1z\u00e1n. Je zde slo\u017eit\u00fd obloukov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00e9mu templ\u00e1\u0159i \u0159\u00edkali \u0160alomounovy st\u00e1je, co\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed pravda, tato konstrukce nem\u00e1 se \u0160alomounem nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Tento syst\u00e9m oblouk\u016f a opevn\u011bn\u00ed udr\u017eoval ji\u017en\u00ed okraj chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 platformy v\u00a0dob\u011b Heroda, kter\u00fd kolem roku 22 p\u0159ed Kristem zah\u00e1jil p\u0159estavbu chr\u00e1mu a do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il chr\u00e1movou platformu. Jej\u00ed plocha se rovn\u00e1 dvaceti fotbalov\u00fdm h\u0159i\u0161t\u00edm. Takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m se v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edval v\u00a0nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. V\u00a0dob\u011b Herodov\u011b se tyto obloukov\u00e9 galerie nepou\u017e\u00edvaly, byly zasyp\u00e1ny. Pro\u010distili je k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ci a pou\u017e\u00edvali pr\u00e1v\u011b jako st\u00e1je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Me\u0161ita Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1024x618.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2164\" width=\"768\" height=\"464\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1024x618.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-768x464.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1536x927.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-2048x1236.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1920x1159.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Me\u0161ita Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Me\u0161ita Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze 7. stolet\u00ed, vznikla v dob\u011b Umajjovc\u016f. Ale n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed badatel\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee tato me\u0161ita se velmi li\u0161\u00ed od tradi\u010dn\u00edch muslimsk\u00fdch kultovn\u00edch staveb. M\u00e1 osmibok\u00fd p\u016fdorys a obrovskou kupoli. Arabov\u00e9, jen\u017e p\u0159i\u0161li z\u00a0pou\u0161t\u011b, \u017e\u00e1dnou v\u00fdznamnou architekturou v\u00a07. stolet\u00ed nevynikali. Budova me\u0161ity Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 martyrium, jich\u017e v\u00a0Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b 7. stolet\u00ed bylo n\u011bkolik. Jeden chr\u00e1m podobn\u00e9ho typu st\u00e1val na Olivov\u00e9 ho\u0159e, dodnes se nedochoval, ale m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt jeho z\u00e1klady. Dal\u0161\u00ed se nach\u00e1zel na ho\u0159e Girizim. Je\u0161t\u011b jeden byl v\u00a0Kaisareji a slou\u017eil jako katedr\u00e1la. V\u0161echny tyto chr\u00e1my vznikly na konci 6. stolet\u00ed. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee jedin\u00fd podobn\u00fd chr\u00e1m tohoto typu se v p\u016fvodn\u00ed podob\u011b zachoval na jin\u00e9m okraji k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta \u2013 v\u00a0C\u00e1ch\u00e1ch. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed prostor katedr\u00e1ly je velmi podobn\u00fd jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9 me\u0161it\u011b. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0dob\u011b p\u0159ed isl\u00e1msk\u00fdm dobyt\u00edm Jeruzal\u00e9ma na chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 ho\u0159e st\u00e1val k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd chr\u00e1m postaven\u00fd \u0158eky. Byl z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zbudov\u00e1n nad sk\u00e1lou, na n\u00ed\u017e kdysi byla um\u00edst\u011bna archa \u00famluvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"657\" data-id=\"2165\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1024x657.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4-Mesita-Skalni-dom-1024x657.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4-Mesita-Skalni-dom-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4-Mesita-Skalni-dom-768x493.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4-Mesita-Skalni-dom.jpg 1191w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Me\u0161ita Skaln\u00ed d\u00f3m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" data-id=\"2166\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-1536x1017.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-2048x1357.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5-Katedrala-v-Cachach-1920x1272.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Katedr\u00e1la v C\u00e1ch\u00e1ch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pod kupol\u00ed lze vid\u011bt skaln\u00ed \u00fatvar s\u00a0velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm nerovnost\u00ed na povrchu. Velikost jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0prohlubn\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 velikosti archy \u00famluvy. Lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b zde se nach\u00e1zela archa v\u00a0dob\u011b \u0160alomouna. V\u00a0roce 1967 po \u0161estidenn\u00ed v\u00e1lce, kdy Arabov\u00e9 prakticky ztratili kontrolu na chr\u00e1movou horou, \u017eidov\u0161t\u00ed badatel\u00e9 m\u011bli mo\u017enost prov\u00e9st tady kr\u00e1tk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a zm\u011b\u0159it i zm\u00edn\u011bnou prohlube\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"269\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/6-Skala-pod-kupoli-mesity-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/6-Skala-pod-kupoli-mesity-1.jpg 401w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/6-Skala-pod-kupoli-mesity-1-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sk\u00e1la pod kupol\u00ed me\u0161ity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Pod sk\u00e1lou jsou jeskyn\u011b, kam muslimov\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup i dnes. Za k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1k\u016f se me\u0161ita pou\u017e\u00edvala jako k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd chr\u00e1m, pat\u0159ila \u0159\u00e1du dominik\u00e1n\u016f, ale b\u00fdvali zde i templ\u00e1\u0159i. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee na skaln\u00edm povrchu byl mramorov\u00fd obklad a st\u00e1val zde olt\u00e1\u0159. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Chr\u00e1mov\u00e1 platforma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;dob\u011b kr\u00e1le \u0160alomouna chr\u00e1mov\u00e1 platforma neexistovala, chr\u00e1m st\u00e1l p\u0159\u00edmo na povrchu sk\u00e1ly. Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st platformy vznikla v&nbsp;helenistick\u00e9 dob\u011b za vl\u00e1dy Hasmonejc\u016f. Kr\u00e1l Herodes platformu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il. Kolem chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hory lze vid\u011bt kamenn\u00fd obklad z&nbsp;r\u016fzn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch dob. Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 Z\u00e1padn\u00ed ze\u010f neboli Ze\u010f n\u00e1\u0159k\u016f vznikla v&nbsp;dob\u011b Herodovy p\u0159estavby. V&nbsp;tunelech Z\u00e1padn\u00ed zdi se nach\u00e1z\u00ed tak obrovsk\u00fd k\u00e1men, \u017ee badatel\u00e9 dodnes nemohou vysv\u011btlit, jak s&nbsp;n\u00edm stavitel\u00e9 mohli manipulovat. Kameny jsou ide\u00e1ln\u011b sl\u00edcov\u00e1ny, p\u0159i stavb\u011b se nepou\u017e\u00edvala malta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00a0minulosti na chr\u00e1movou horu vedly schody. Na jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm rohu platformy lze vid\u011bt zbytky oblouku, kter\u00e9mu se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Robinson\u016fv oblouk. Biblista 19. stolet\u00ed Edward Robinson spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee je to zbytek obrovsk\u00fdch schod\u016f. V\u00a0roce 1967 byl nalezen z\u00e1klad oblouku a potvrdil se Robinson\u016fv p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee za kr\u00e1le Heroda zde b\u00fdvaly schody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"785\" height=\"589\" data-id=\"2169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1.jpg 785w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 785px) 100vw, 785px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Robinson\u016fv oblouk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"2170\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3650ef0037cf368609e25797229d9ca4-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Model schod\u016f na m\u00edst\u011b Robinsonova oblouku<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Mimo jin\u00e9 byl v\u00a0t\u00e9m\u017ee roce nalezen k\u00e1men s\u00a0n\u00e1pisem \u201em\u00edsto trouben\u00ed\u201c. V\u00a0minulosti zde musel st\u00e1t levita, jen\u017e troubil na \u0161ofar \u2013 dechov\u00fd hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj ze zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edho rohu, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159i \u017eidovsk\u00fdch slavnostn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to byl v\u00a0Matou\u0161ov\u011b evangeliu zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd \u201evrcholek chr\u00e1mu\u201c, kam \u010f\u00e1bel postavil Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista a \u0159ekl mu: \u201eJsi-li Syn Bo\u017e\u00ed, vrhni se dol\u016f\u201c (Matou\u0161 4:6).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/10-Misto-troubeni-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/10-Misto-troubeni-2.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/10-Misto-troubeni-2-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">M\u00edsto trouben\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Na ji\u017en\u00ed zdi jsou vid\u011bt oblouky br\u00e1ny, jsou to tzv. dvoj\u00ed a troj\u00ed br\u00e1na. Byl tady vchod na chr\u00e1movou platformu, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvala v\u011bt\u0161ina obyvatel Jeruzal\u00e9ma v\u010detn\u011b P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e a apo\u0161tol\u016f. Pod\u00e9l chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 platformy se nach\u00e1zely kr\u00e1my prodava\u010d\u016f ob\u011btn\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at a stoly sm\u011bn\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f. Podnikatel\u00e9 z\u0159ejm\u011b obsadili schody a prostor p\u0159ed br\u00e1nami, aby nal\u00e1kali v\u00edce z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f. Zde se musela odehr\u00e1t ud\u00e1lost s\u00a0p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00edm stol\u016f sm\u011bn\u00e1rn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/12.-Troji-brana_rekonstrukce.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2176\" width=\"728\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/12.-Troji-brana_rekonstrukce.jpg 971w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/12.-Troji-brana_rekonstrukce-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/12.-Troji-brana_rekonstrukce-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ale kdo byli tito sm\u011bn\u00e1rn\u00edci? \u017did, kter\u00fd cht\u011bl zaplatit chr\u00e1movou da\u0148, to mohl ud\u011blat pouze pomoc\u00ed posv\u00e1tn\u00e9ho \u0161ekelu. Tuto chr\u00e1movou m\u011bnu i prod\u00e1vali poutn\u00edk\u016fm sm\u011bn\u00e1rn\u00edci u chr\u00e1mu. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee jako posv\u00e1tn\u00fd \u0161ekel se pou\u017e\u00edvala tyrsk\u00e1 mince, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0helenistick\u00e9 dob\u011b byla b\u011b\u017enou m\u011bnou cel\u00e9ho palestinsk\u00e9ho regionu. Kdy\u017e m\u011bsto T\u00fdr ztratilo svou nez\u00e1vislost, p\u0159i\u0161lo i o pr\u00e1vo razit mince. Chr\u00e1mov\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed se rozhodli ji pou\u017e\u00edvat jako m\u011bnu posv\u00e1tnou. Obrovsk\u00e9 z\u00e1soby t\u00fdrsk\u00fdch minc\u00ed byly nahromad\u011bny v\u00a0jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9m chr\u00e1mu a pou\u017e\u00edvaly se pro placen\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 dan\u011b. Kurz byl nadsazen\u00fd, tak si chr\u00e1m pomoc\u00ed posv\u00e1tn\u00e9ho \u0161ekelu vyd\u011bl\u00e1val. Ale nejv\u00edce p\u0159ekvapuje vzhled t\u00e9 mince, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila jako posv\u00e1tn\u00fd \u0161ekel v\u00a0chr\u00e1mu jedin\u00e9ho Boha. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b je orel \u2013 helenistick\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd symbol, a na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 \u2013 hlava f\u00e9nick\u00e9ho boha Melkarta, jen\u017e se ztoto\u017e\u0148oval s kana\u00e1nsk\u00fdm bohem Baalem. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomuto zaj\u00edmav\u00e9mu faktu lze pochopit hn\u011bv P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, kter\u00fd nazval chr\u00e1m doup\u011btem lupi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/13-Posvatny-sekel.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2177\" width=\"628\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/13-Posvatny-sekel.jpg 837w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/13-Posvatny-sekel-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/13-Posvatny-sekel-768x373.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Kristovi u\u010dedn\u00edci byli nad\u0161en\u00ed z\u00a0nov\u00e9ho jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu. Ale P\u00e1n jim \u0159ekl: \u201eVid\u00edte toto v\u0161echno? Amen, prav\u00edm v\u00e1m, \u017ee tu nez\u016fstane k\u00e1men na kameni, v\u0161ecko bude rozmet\u00e1no\u201c (Matou\u0161 24:2). Tato p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f se po n\u011bkolika letech uskute\u010dnila. Chr\u00e1m, kter\u00fd se musel st\u00e1t m\u00edstem setk\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0Bohem, byl zni\u010den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Redakce<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00fd chr\u00e1m je jednou z&nbsp;nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch staveb v&nbsp;d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva. Tento staroz\u00e1konn\u00ed chr\u00e1m je zn\u00e1m jako chr\u00e1m \u0160alomouna, ale tak\u00e9 jako chr\u00e1m p\u0159estav\u011bn\u00fd Zerub\u00e1belem po babylonsk\u00e9m zajet\u00ed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2178,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[77],"class_list":["post-2161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dejiny","tag-2023-07","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2161"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2179,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161\/revisions\/2179"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}