{"id":166,"date":"2017-04-04T13:52:14","date_gmt":"2017-04-04T12:52:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/?p=166"},"modified":"2021-11-16T11:00:03","modified_gmt":"2021-11-16T10:00:03","slug":"kdo-byl-pontsky-pilat-10-otazek-o-soudci-pana-jezise-krista","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/2017\/04\/04\/kdo-byl-pontsky-pilat-10-otazek-o-soudci-pana-jezise-krista\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo byl Pontsk\u00fd Pil\u00e1t? 10 ot\u00e1zek o soudci P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1<\/strong>.<\/strong> <\/strong>Existoval Pontsk\u00fd Pil\u00e1t v\u016fbec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ano, existoval. Ale do roku 1961 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed badatel\u00e9 pova\u017eovali Pil\u00e1ta za vymy\u0161lenou osobu. N\u011bkolik antick\u00fdch historik\u016f ho zmi\u0148uje ve sv\u00fdch spisech, ale mnoz\u00ed badatel\u00e9 byli v\u016f\u010di t\u011bmto zm\u00ednk\u00e1m dost skepti\u010dt\u00ed. V roce 1961 ital\u0161t\u00ed archeologov\u00e9 nalezli v Palestin\u011b mramorovou desku s textem, ve kter\u00e9m se zmi\u0148uje jm\u00e9no a hodnost Pil\u00e1ta, a t\u00edm se prok\u00e1zalo, \u017ee takov\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk opravdu existoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2<\/strong>.<\/strong> Jak se skute\u010dn\u011b jmenoval?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jeho osobn\u00ed jm\u00e9no nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo. Zn\u00e1me jenom jeho p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed \u2013 Pontius. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o jeho rodov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti. Klan Ponti\u016f byl velmi star\u00fd, jeho ko\u0159eny sahaly do 3. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. Poch\u00e1zel ze starobyl\u00e9ho etnika Italik\u016f, p\u0159esn\u011bji ze Samnit\u016f, skupiny sabellsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f, je\u017e dlouho v\u00e1l\u010dily s \u0158\u00edmany, ale nakonec jejich elita splynula s \u0159\u00edmskou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3<\/strong>.<\/strong> Co znamen\u00e1 Pil\u00e1t?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pil\u00e1t je p\u0159ezd\u00edvka, je\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201ekopin\u00edk\u201c \u010di \u201eozbrojenec s o\u0161t\u011bpem\u201c. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom, \u017ee vojensk\u00e1 slu\u017eba byla ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivota Pontia a jeho p\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4<\/strong>.<\/strong> Jakou funkci vykon\u00e1val v Palestin\u011b? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Form\u00e1ln\u011b vykon\u00e1val funkci prefekta. Na mramorov\u00e9 desce nalezen\u00e9 v Palestin\u011b je naps\u00e1no \u201eObyvatel\u016fm Caesareje Pontsk\u00fd Pil\u00e1t, prefekt Judska\u201c. Prefekt je vojensk\u00e1 hodnost. Ale funkce Pil\u00e1ta byla samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed, vykon\u00e1val toti\u017e funkce nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho civiln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edka \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 provincie.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5. Pro\u010d je tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1n prokur\u00e1torem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto\u017ee vykon\u00e1val funkce, kter\u00e9 spadaly do kompetence prokur\u00e1tora. Tato hodnost znamenala d\u016fv\u011brn\u00edka nebo zplnomocn\u011bnce, jeho\u017e povinnosti se t\u00fdkaly civiln\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Poprv\u00e9 Pil\u00e1ta prokur\u00e1torem nazval \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd historik Cornelius Tacitus na za\u010d\u00e1tku 2. stolet\u00ed, proto\u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b se slovo prokur\u00e1tor pou\u017e\u00edvalo pro ozna\u010den\u00ed spr\u00e1vce \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 provincie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Pro\u010d vojensk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk m\u011bl tak velkou moc?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V dob\u011b pozemsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota Spasitele bylo Judsko sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Po\u010d\u00ednaje rokem 6 byli spr\u00e1vci t\u00e9to provincie m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jmenovan\u00ed samotn\u00fdm c\u00edsa\u0159em. Byl to ale velmi bou\u0159liv\u00fd region. \u017did\u00e9 se ze za\u010d\u00e1tku chovali v\u016f\u010di \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdm okupant\u016fm velice nep\u0159\u00e1telsky. Tato nespokojenost mohla snadno p\u0159er\u016fst ve vzpouru. Proto \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 m\u011bli v Jeruzal\u00e9mu velkou vojenskou pos\u00e1dku. Velel j\u00ed prefekt, kter\u00fd z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011bl skoro neomezenou moc na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Byl Pil\u00e1t hodn\u00fd, nebo zl\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle sv\u011bdectv\u00ed antick\u00fdch historik\u016f byl Pil\u00e1t hrub\u00fdm voj\u00e1kem, krut\u00fdm tr\u00fdznitelem, \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159em a kari\u00e9ristou. Do funkce prefekta byl ustanoven v roce 26 a vl\u00e1dl deset let. Za Pontia vzrostl po\u010det masov\u00fdch poprav a ve\u0161ker\u00e9 nespokojenosti byly surov\u011b potla\u010dov\u00e1ny. Da\u0148ov\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostla. Pil\u00e1tova ne\u00facta v\u016f\u010di \u017eidovsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed vyvol\u00e1vala nen\u00e1vist podroben\u00e9ho lidu. Ale m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se choval v duchu sv\u00e9 doby. Podle m\u011b\u0159\u00edtek \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f a tradic to nebyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zlo\u010dinec. Ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b to nebyl ani sentiment\u00e1ln\u00ed dobr\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8<\/strong>.<\/strong> Co se stalo s Pil\u00e1tem po Kristu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posledn\u00ed, co o Pil\u00e1tovi v\u00edme, je to, \u017ee v roce 36 po dal\u0161\u00edm potla\u010den\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9 vzpoury byla na n\u011bj pod\u00e1na st\u00ed\u017enost do \u0158\u00edma. Pil\u00e1t byl zbaven hodnosti prefekta a povol\u00e1n do hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o jeho osudu nem\u00e1me. Zato m\u00e1me spoustu apokryf\u016f a legend o tom, co se se zn\u00e1m\u00fdm prefektem stalo. Prav\u00ed se v nich, \u017ee byl posl\u00e1n do vyhnanstv\u00ed do Galie (nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Francie), kde sp\u00e1chal sebevra\u017edu. Podle jin\u00e9 verze se Pil\u00e1t stal k\u0159es\u0165anem a p\u0159ijal mu\u010dednickou smrt v dob\u011b pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed za Neronovy vl\u00e1dy kolem roku 64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9<\/strong>.<\/strong> Co v\u00edme o Pil\u00e1tov\u00e9 man\u017eelce?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jmenovala se Klaudia Prokula. Po Kristov\u011b zmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed uv\u011b\u0159ila a nechala se pok\u0159t\u00edt. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed biblist\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee Klaudia, kterou apo\u0161tol Pavel zmi\u0148uje ve sv\u00e9m druh\u00e9m listu Timoteovi, je pr\u00e1v\u011b tato Pil\u00e1tova man\u017eelka. V konstantinopolsk\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi je Prokula uct\u00edv\u00e1na jako svat\u00e1.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

10<\/strong>.<\/strong> Jak se Pil\u00e1t dostal do vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edry?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slova \u201eza Pontsk\u00e9ho Pil\u00e1ta\u201c ve vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edry poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee pozemsk\u00fd \u017eivot P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e je faktem lidsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zpracov\u00e1no podle: Alexandr Moiseenkov (http:\/\/foma.ru\/kto-takoy-pontiy-pilat.html<\/strong><\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159elo\u017eila Nad\u011b\u017eda Skvarnik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Existoval Pontsk\u00fd Pil\u00e1t v\u016fbec? Ano, existoval. Ale do roku 1961 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed badatel\u00e9 pova\u017eovali Pil\u00e1ta za vymy\u0161lenou osobu. N\u011bkolik antick\u00fdch historik\u016f ho zmi\u0148uje ve sv\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[16],"class_list":["post-166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biblistika","tag-2017-04","has-post-thumbnail-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=166"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/166\/revisions\/177"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hlas-pravoslavi.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}